Difference between revisions of "PTT and band switching"

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(Created page with "In order to make the Portsdown transmitter integrated with transmit and receive systems, Pin 40 of the GPIO goes high when transmit is selected and the signals on pins 28 and...")
 
 
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In order to make the Portsdown transmitter integrated with transmit and receive systems, Pin 40 of the GPIO goes high when transmit is selected and the signals on pins 28 and 35 can be used for band switching:
+
In order to make the Portsdown transmitter integrated with transmit and receive systems, Pin 40 of the GPIO goes high when transmit is selected and the signals on pins 28 and 35 can be used for band switching. 
 +
 
 +
===Band outputs===
 +
 
 +
These outputs are used to switch the LO filter and can be used to switch external filter and amplifiers.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
|-
 
|-
Line 14: Line 18:
 
|}
 
|}
  
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Care should be taken to properly buffer these 3.3v signals from relay transients.
+
Care must be taken to properly buffer these 3.3v signals from relay transients.
 +
 
 +
===GPIO band decoder===
 +
 
 +
As we only have 2 GPIO pins to provide 4 outputs, these outputs need to be decoded to provide an output for each band. 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
[[File:Band decoder.JPG|400px]]
 +
 
 +
 
 +
The Portsdown team have designed a simple board which can be either constructed on 0.1” perforated board (veroboard) or on a PCB - this can be home etched using the details below or blank PCBs are available in the BATC shop.
 +
 
 +
[[File:4 band decode.JPG|500px]]
 +
 
 +
 
 +
[[:File:DECODE 4 Band instructions (2).pdf]]
 +
 
 +
[[:File:Decode 4 Band Schematic.pdf]]
 +
 
 +
[[:File:Decode 4 Band Perf Bd wiring.pdf]]
 +
 
 +
[[:File:DECODE 4 Band Mirrored w SS.pdf]]
 +
 
 +
[[:File:DECODE 4 Band Mirrored.pdf]]
 +
 
 +
[[:File:DECODE 4 Band PCB Layout w SS.pdf]]
 +
 
 +
[[:File:DECODE 4 Band Decode BOM 4bbom.doc]]
 +
 
 +
===PTT steering===
 +
 
 +
These band outputs can then used to "steer" the PTT line to the correct Power Amplifier using this simple relay and diode circuit - no PCB needed :-)
 +
 
 +
[[File:tx switching.JPG|400px]]
 +
 
 +
===Tx Rx sequencer===
 +
 
 +
We also recommend the use of a Tx / Rx sequencer to ensure your mast head relay has changed over and your expensive pre-amp is de-powered before you start transmitting. The sequence is as follows:
 +
 
 +
To go to Tx:
 +
 
 +
1) Turn off receiver pre-amp
 +
 
 +
2) Switch ant c/o relay to transmit
 +
 
 +
3) Apply power to PA
 +
 
 +
To go to rx
 +
 
 +
a) Turn off Tx
 +
 
 +
b) Switch ant c/o relay to receive
 +
 
 +
c) Apply power to pre-amp.
  
−
The band outputs can be used to "steer" the PTT line to the correct Power Amplifier using relays or AND gates - we also recommend the use of a Tx / Rx sequencer to ensure your mast head relay has changed over and your expensive pre-amp is de-powered before you start transmitting.
 
  
−
Many circuits and prebuilt designs are available:
+
Many circuits and pre-built designs are available including this simple single chip design by Ian Waters G3KKD published in CQ-TV 125.
 
   
 
   
 +
[[File:Tx rx timing.JPG|400px]]
 +
 +
David M0YDH shows Ian's design in operation:- [http://youtu.be/u4AeW-bPYxo G8ADE RELAY SEQUENCER VIDEO]
 +
and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pUudd2GR63w&feature=youtu.be an updated version with extra relay for Portsdown PTT band switching.].
 +
 +
W6PQL and W1GHZ have sequencer designs.
 +
 +
===Summary of GPIO connections===
 +
 +
As the Portsdown project has expanded in scope, so has demand for the GPIO connections on the RPi.  Here is the latest list as of January 2018:
 +
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|-
 +
! Pin No !! BCM No !! Wiring Pi !! RPi Name !! Primary Use !! Secondary Use !! DTX-1 Use
 +
|-
 +
| 1 || - || - || 3.3v || - || - || EXT-DVLM
 +
|-
 +
| 2 || - || - || 5v || - || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 3 || 2 || 8 || SDA 1 ||  || - || EXT-SD0
 +
|-
 +
| 4 || - || - || 5v || - || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 5 || 3 || 9 || SCL 1 ||  || - || EXT-SD1
 +
|-
 +
| 6 || - || - || 0v || - || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 7 || 4 || 7 || GPIO 7 || Keyed Streaming LED Indication || Transverter Select<br />or incoming stream active || EXT-SD2
 +
|-
 +
| 8 || 14 || 15 || TxD || ADF5355 LE || Elcom LE || EXT-SD3
 +
|-
 +
| 9 || - || - || 0v || - || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 10 || 15 || 16 || RxD || Attenuator LE || - || EXT-SD4
 +
|-
 +
| 11 || 17 || 0 || GPIO 0 || LCD Display || - || EXT-SD5
 +
|-
 +
| 12 || 18 || 1 || GPIO 1 || Keyed Streaming or Keyed TX Switch || Hi to Stream/TX || EXT-SD6
 +
|-
 +
| 13 || 27 || 2 || GPIO 2 || 'Active' LED || Active Hi || EXT-SD7
 +
|-
 +
| 14 || - || - || 0v || - || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 15 || 22 || 3 || GPIO 3 || Shutdown Button || Hi to activate || EXT_TSCLK
 +
|-
 +
| 16 || 23 || 4 || GPIO 4 || LCD Display || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 17 || - || - || 3.3v || - || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 18 || 24 || 5 || GPIO 5 || LCD Display || - || EXT-PSYM
 +
|-
 +
| 19 || 10 || 12 || MOSI || LCD Display || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 20 || - || - || 0v || - || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 21 || 9 || 13 || MISO || LCD Display || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 22 || 25 || 6 || GPIO 6 || LCD Display || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 23 || 11 || 14 || SCLK || LCD Display || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 24 || 8 || 10 || CE 0 || LCD Display || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 25 || - || - || 0v || - || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 26 || 7 || 11 || CE1|| Touch Sensor || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 27 || 0 || 30 || SDA 0 || ADF4351 LE || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 28 || 1 || 31 || SCL 0 || Band LSB (D0) || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 29 || 5 || 21 || GPIO 21 || ADF4351 CLK || Atten and ADF5355 CLK || -
 +
|-
 +
| 30 || - || - || 0v || - || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 31 || 6 || 22 || GPIO 22 || ADF4351 DATA || Atten and ADF5355 DATA || -
 +
|-
 +
| 32 || 12 || 26 || GPIO 26 || I output || "Ugly" and RPITX RF output || -
 +
|-
 +
| 33 || 13 || 23 || GPIO 23 || Q output || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 34 || - || - || 0v || - || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 35 || 19 || 24 || GPIO 24 || Band MSB (D1) || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 36 || 16 || 27 || GPIO 27 || IQ Filter LSB (D0) || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 37 || 26 || 25 || GPIO 25 || IQ Filter NSB (D1) || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 38 || 20 || 28 || GPIO 28 || IQ Filter MSB (D2) || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 39 || - || - || 0v || - || - || -
 +
|-
 +
| 40 || 21 || 29 || GPIO 29 || TX LED and PTT Drive || Hi = TX || -
 +
|}
 +
 +
Each pin on the RPi3 GPIO can be referred to in 4 ways: its physical pin number, the Broadcom I/O number, the Wiring Pi number or the name.  Where possible, the Portsdown software uses the Wiring Pi driver and hence Wring Pi numbers in the code.  The Broadcom numbers are referred to on the Willow Electronics GPIO breakout board.
 +
 +
For reference, here is the original Portsdown GPIO allocation chart, drawn up in early 2017.
  
−
Also rather than use these pins to switch an expensive RF relay on the output of Portsdown, take a look at this [[Filters|simple idea to use a duplexer / triplexer]].
+
[[File:GPIO pinout.JPG|600px]]

Latest revision as of 14:48, 27 October 2022

In order to make the Portsdown transmitter integrated with transmit and receive systems, Pin 40 of the GPIO goes high when transmit is selected and the signals on pins 28 and 35 can be used for band switching.

Band outputs

These outputs are used to switch the LO filter and can be used to switch external filter and amplifiers.

Frequency Mhz ATV Band Pin 28 Pin 35
< 100 MHz 71 MHz Lo Lo
100 - 250 MHz 146 MHz Lo Hi
250 - 950 MHz 437 MHz Hi Lo
950 - 4400 MHz 23cms Hi Hi 
Care must be taken to properly buffer these 3.3v signals from relay transients.

GPIO band decoder

As we only have 2 GPIO pins to provide 4 outputs, these outputs need to be decoded to provide an output for each band.


Band decoder.JPG


The Portsdown team have designed a simple board which can be either constructed on 0.1” perforated board (veroboard) or on a PCB - this can be home etched using the details below or blank PCBs are available in the BATC shop.

4 band decode.JPG


File:DECODE 4 Band instructions (2).pdf

File:Decode 4 Band Schematic.pdf

File:Decode 4 Band Perf Bd wiring.pdf

File:DECODE 4 Band Mirrored w SS.pdf

File:DECODE 4 Band Mirrored.pdf

File:DECODE 4 Band PCB Layout w SS.pdf

File:DECODE 4 Band Decode BOM 4bbom.doc

PTT steering

These band outputs can then used to "steer" the PTT line to the correct Power Amplifier using this simple relay and diode circuit - no PCB needed :-)

Tx switching.JPG

Tx Rx sequencer

We also recommend the use of a Tx / Rx sequencer to ensure your mast head relay has changed over and your expensive pre-amp is de-powered before you start transmitting. The sequence is as follows:

To go to Tx:

1) Turn off receiver pre-amp

2) Switch ant c/o relay to transmit

3) Apply power to PA

To go to rx

a) Turn off Tx

b) Switch ant c/o relay to receive

c) Apply power to pre-amp.


Many circuits and pre-built designs are available including this simple single chip design by Ian Waters G3KKD published in CQ-TV 125.

Tx rx timing.JPG

David M0YDH shows Ian's design in operation:- G8ADE RELAY SEQUENCER VIDEO and an updated version with extra relay for Portsdown PTT band switching..

W6PQL and W1GHZ have sequencer designs.

Summary of GPIO connections

As the Portsdown project has expanded in scope, so has demand for the GPIO connections on the RPi. Here is the latest list as of January 2018:

Pin No BCM No Wiring Pi RPi Name Primary Use Secondary Use DTX-1 Use
1 - - 3.3v - - EXT-DVLM
2 - - 5v - - -
3 2 8 SDA 1 - EXT-SD0
4 - - 5v - - -
5 3 9 SCL 1 - EXT-SD1
6 - - 0v - - -
7 4 7 GPIO 7 Keyed Streaming LED Indication Transverter Select
or incoming stream active		 EXT-SD2
8 14 15 TxD ADF5355 LE Elcom LE EXT-SD3
9 - - 0v - - -
10 15 16 RxD Attenuator LE - EXT-SD4
11 17 0 GPIO 0 LCD Display - EXT-SD5
12 18 1 GPIO 1 Keyed Streaming or Keyed TX Switch Hi to Stream/TX EXT-SD6
13 27 2 GPIO 2 'Active' LED Active Hi EXT-SD7
14 - - 0v - - -
15 22 3 GPIO 3 Shutdown Button Hi to activate EXT_TSCLK
16 23 4 GPIO 4 LCD Display - -
17 - - 3.3v - - -
18 24 5 GPIO 5 LCD Display - EXT-PSYM
19 10 12 MOSI LCD Display - -
20 - - 0v - - -
21 9 13 MISO LCD Display - -
22 25 6 GPIO 6 LCD Display - -
23 11 14 SCLK LCD Display - -
24 8 10 CE 0 LCD Display - -
25 - - 0v - - -
26 7 11 CE1 Touch Sensor - -
27 0 30 SDA 0 ADF4351 LE - -
28 1 31 SCL 0 Band LSB (D0) - -
29 5 21 GPIO 21 ADF4351 CLK Atten and ADF5355 CLK -
30 - - 0v - - -
31 6 22 GPIO 22 ADF4351 DATA Atten and ADF5355 DATA -
32 12 26 GPIO 26 I output "Ugly" and RPITX RF output -
33 13 23 GPIO 23 Q output - -
34 - - 0v - - -
35 19 24 GPIO 24 Band MSB (D1) - -
36 16 27 GPIO 27 IQ Filter LSB (D0) - -
37 26 25 GPIO 25 IQ Filter NSB (D1) - -
38 20 28 GPIO 28 IQ Filter MSB (D2) - -
39 - - 0v - - -
40 21 29 GPIO 29 TX LED and PTT Drive Hi = TX -

Each pin on the RPi3 GPIO can be referred to in 4 ways: its physical pin number, the Broadcom I/O number, the Wiring Pi number or the name. Where possible, the Portsdown software uses the Wiring Pi driver and hence Wring Pi numbers in the code. The Broadcom numbers are referred to on the Willow Electronics GPIO breakout board.

For reference, here is the original Portsdown GPIO allocation chart, drawn up in early 2017.

GPIO pinout.JPG

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