Difference between revisions of "Getting Started"

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Amateur Television is a fascinating area of Amateur Radio covering all aspects of video production, editing, transmission and reception of Television and has always been at the fore front of the technology revolution. Many stations are now transmitting Digital pictures (DATV) using the DVB broadcast standards and using video streaming technologies to exchange pictures with ATV operators around the world.
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Amateur television is a fascinating part of the hobby covering all aspects of video production, editing, transmission and reception of television signals - whether across town or across the world by the geostationary QO-100 satellite.
  
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You're probably here because you want to know more about Amateur Television and so help you get to grips with the basics of our hobby, BATC has put together a series of "Getting started" guides.
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One of the aims of the BATC is to help members get on the air. To do this the BATC has come up with the Portsdown project which is easy enough for most people to successfully build at home and gives you the basics of a very credible DATV transceiver (It can also be upgraded to receive DATV)
  
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Once you've read those, you may be wondering if there's an easy way to "get on the air" - if so take a [[5.6 GHz|look at this page]] which shows you how to join in the fun on 5.6GHz ATV for under £20!  Or if you are wondering what what DATV equipment you need to buy, so we have put together a [[DATV Equipment Shopping List|DATV shopping list]] to help you decide how to spend your hard earned cash!
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The Portsdown is based around the popular Raspberry Pi 4 single board computer, an Adalm Pluto SDR, and controlled by a seven-inch touchscreen.  
  
 +
Hundreds of these have been built by amateurs around the world and part of its success is down to the club prescribing the key components/design (and you sticking to them...) and following simple build instructions.  Yes I know radio amateurs (me included) like to tinker and experiment but at this stage it really helps our volunteers help you.  That way, if there are any problems, it's easy to offer support via the BATC forum. And if you still can't get it going bring it along to one of our Portsdown clinics which are held at most rallies the BATC attends.
  
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==2019 Digital ATV primer==
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So let's run through the basics:
  
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'''Receiving DATV'''
 
  
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The only real show in town and the most flexible, is the PC based MiniTiouner system with a USB tuner card. The reason for this is that it tunes from 143 MHz to 2450 MHz so covers all the bands from 146 > 13cms and with a standard LNB can be used to receive Oscar 100 signals.  It also can recieve all the Symbol Rates (SR) or bandwidths from 33Ks (the lowest RB-TV you will find) right up to 27,500 as used on Freeview etc.
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==The best way forward==
  
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The system consists of the USB tuner card hardware which you build (no Surface Mount!) - the 4 hard to get components are from the BATC shop and the software is free to download - total cost = ~£80 depending upon the case you use.
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We often get asked how do I start to receive or transmit ATV?
  
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You will then need the normal filters / pre-amps annd / or LNB depending on the band you want to receive but it will be all you will ever need!
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Like most areas in amateur radio there are lots of ways to do this but let's spend our money (and time) wisely and put together something tried and tested.
  
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See [[MiniTioune|https://wiki.batc.org.uk/MiniTioune]] for more details.
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This approach means you are more likely to be successful, and if you really get into DATV, these building blocks can be reused to make even more sophisticated equipment.
  
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Yes, there are are a couple of Set Top Boxes that will receive some reduced bandwidth signals but you will need freq converters etc. There is also a PC software program called SDRAngel which you can use with the cheap £10 RTL dongle.  In my opinon both of these options require a lot of faffing about and you cannot quarantee results.
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===Really easy ATV===
  
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'''DATV transmit'''
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Probably the easiest way to get on the air with ATV is by using drone analogue FM transmitter/receiver modules - take a [[5.6 GHz|look at this page]] which shows you how to join in the fun on 5.6GHz for around £20.
  
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The BATC Portsdown system is the way go.  Yes it is Raspberry Pi based but you can buy a pre-programmed SD card from BATC so there is no programming or computer wizzardry at all.  This plus a touch screen and a LimeSDR Mini, which simply plugs in to the Rpi USB socket, will give you a simple to use touch screen DATV transmit system.
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This is enough to get good quality pictures over several miles over line-of-sight paths with simple aerials - though with a better aerial and a good portable location at both ends of the link - it is possible to work hundreds of miles during favourable atmospheric conditions.
  
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This basic system will cost ~ £250 ( less than a dual band FM rig!) and give you a full blown DATV transmit system from 50MHz up to 3.4GHz with good picture quality over all the common symbol rates.  Again you will need filters and amplifiers for the band of your choice....
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This BATC forum post by one of our members shows what distances can be worked, and fun can be had, using very basic equipment: https://forum.batc.org.uk/viewtopic.php?f=75&t=5437
  
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[[https://wiki.batc.org.uk/Portsdown_2019]]
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The BATC is running a ladder contest to encourage activity using this simple equipment - see https://batc.org.uk/contests/6cm-ladder/
  
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A slight confusion now is that you can plug the MiniTiouner USB tuner hardware in to the Portsdown system and it will display the pictures, thereby becoming a full DATV transceiver and replacing the need for a PC.
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==Receiving Digital ATV==
  
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==Getting Started - the basics==
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Unless you have a local TV repeater and know the people who run it, the easiest place to start receiving some digital ATV signals (DATV) is by getting yourself setup  to receive QO100 - start with Narrow band  first and once you have really strong signals take a look for DATV signals.
  
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Below are a series of guides which have been written by BATC members - unfortunately our hobby moves at a rapid pace so that guides written only 3 years ago are now out of date!
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See this page for more details on QO100 - [[Receiving Oscar 100 DATV signals|https://wiki.batc.org.uk/Receiving_Oscar_100_DATV_signals#Mark_2_MiniTiouner_PCB]]
  
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A good place to start is by reading the [[Media:GSATV2016.pdf|Getting Started in ATV leaflet]] also available as an [[Media:Getting started with ATV.pdf|article extract]] from CQ-TV, our quarterly newsletter:
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Most amateur ATV signals are Digital using the DVB-S format and BATC has developed some low cost and easy to build systems for both receive and transmit.
  
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Or take a look at this [[Media:Getting started Feb 2018.pdf|introduction to ATV PowerPoint presentation]]
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Most of our DATV receive solutions use the same home-built USB tuner card called a Picotuner.  See this page for more details [[PicoTuner]]
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The PicoTuner PCB and other "hard-to-get" components can be bought from the BATC shop https://batc.org.uk/category/usb-receivers/ - the remainder are standard leaded (no surface mount) components, available from all major suppliers. and can easily be put together in an evening.  
  
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=== Receiving and Transmitting ATV ===
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====The Ryde receiver====
  
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To find out more about receiving and transmitting ATV signals download these "Getting started" guides:
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The easiest way to receive DATV signals is to build a BATC designed Ryde Set-top top box based on a Raspberry Pi4 (you can buy a pre-programmed SD card from our shop) and the Minitiouner USB receiver PCB. The Ryde can be controlled using any Infra Red remote control and can drive either an HDMI or composite video monitor.
  
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[[Media:Getting Started in DATV reception.pdf|DATV Reception]]
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See [[Ryde Introduction|this wiki page]] for more details on the Ryde receiver.
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With this you can receive local DATV activity from 2m to 13cm, including digital TV repeaters, and with a satellite dish and LNB, you can watch the activity on QO-100. [[Receiving Oscar 100 DATV signals|See this page for more details on QO100]]
  
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DATV transmission - take a look at the [[The Portsdown Transmitter|BATC Portsdown project]], a simple easy way to get on air with Digital Television.
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====MiniTiouner PC based software====
  
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=== Reduced Bandwidth TV ===
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The free MiniTiouner software runs on a Windows PC and uses the same MiniTiouner hardware.
  
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And to find out more about the latest technology called Reduced Bandwidth Digital television (RBTV) take a look at this [[:media:cqtvrbtv.pdf|RB-TV special edition of CQ-TV]].
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See [[MiniTioune|this page]] for more details.
  
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For more technical details take a look at our getting started guide to RB-TV.
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====The Portsdown receiver====
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[[Media:Getting Started with RB-TV.pdf|Getting Started with RB-TV]]
 
  
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=== Video signal basics ===
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By plugging in the standard MiniTiouner USB card, the Portsdown transciever system becomes a fully functioning DATV receiver.
  
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If you want to know more about the basics of video signals, Brian Summers has written a series of articles for CQ-TV which are available for downloads as part of our "getting started" series.
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See https://wiki.batc.org.uk/The_Portsdown_DATV_transceiver_system for more details.
  
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Part 1-7 available as a single download:
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====BATC advanced receiver hardware and Winterhill software====
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[[Media:Video Fundamentals 1-7.pdf|Video Fundamentals parts 1-7]]
 
  
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===What next?===
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The BATC has also developed a single motherboard capable of hosting a Raspberry Pi 4 and 2 satellite tuners.
  
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Having read and digested all the information in these getting started guides and want to get on air,  the next thing to look at is the BATC [[The Portsdown Transmitter|Portsdown DATV transmitter]] project.  There's probably someone building one near you - you can check by looking at the [https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/edit?mid=16rtNSaJLvCfc4wsbJ9p3M6pkua4&ll=2.068709435595707%2C0&z=2 Portsdown users map].
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See [[WinterHill Receiver Project|this wiki page]] for this advanced receiver solution.
  
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And for a receiver take a look at the [[MiniTioune|Minitioune]] project.
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====Antennaes and pre-amps====
  
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Or if you want to get on to ATV the really easy way and for very little cost - take a look at [[5.6 GHz|this page on using the 5.6GHz Drone FPV transmitters]]!
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You will need the normal aerials, filters/pre-amps and/or LNB depending on the band you want to receive. Having said that it is relatively sensitive enough on its own to be able to receive nearby activity - and probably your local digital TV repeater.
  
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And then head over to the [https://forum.batc.org.uk/ BATC members forum] to gain even more knowledge and ask those questions you must have - and don't worry the ATV community are a friendly bunch!
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====Consumer Set top boxes====
  
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Or take a look to see if there's a TV repeater near you on [[UK ATV repeaters|this wiki page.]]
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You can use a consumer STB to receive DATV but most set-top boxes do not go below 1 Msymbol or 1 MHz bandwidth and most DATV signals use rates less than this.
 +
 
 +
Some repeater outputs and the QO100 beacon can be received on a set-top box as they use higher symbol rates.
 +
 
 +
====Tuning to a DATV signal====
 +
 
 +
To tune to a DATV signal you must know the symbol or data rate in Msymbols or ksymbols.  You will also need to know the frequency.
 +
 
 +
If you are using a Ryde, Portsdown or Minitiouner receiver you will be able to enter the frequency and symbol rate directly and just go to receive.
 +
 
 +
If you are using a set-top box, you must add the wanted signal frequency to the LNB local oscillator to find the frequency you must tune to. 
 +
For example if you are wanting to receive a signal on 1249MHz and the STB is set for an LNB LO of 9750 you need to tune the receiver to 10,999 MHz.
 +
 
 +
==DATV transmit==
 +
 
 +
The BATC Portsdown system is the way go. It is Raspberry Pi 4-based but you can buy a pre-programmed SD card from BATC so there is no programming or computer wizardry at all.  This plus a touch screen and a Pluto SDR, which simply plugs in to the Pi's USB socket, will give you a simple to use touch screen DATV transmit system. 
 +
 
 +
For more details see [[The Portsdown Transmitter|https://wiki.batc.org.uk/The_Portsdown_Transmitter]]
 +
 
 +
Again if you want more information, or need some help, have a look in the Portsdown section of the BATC forum: https://forum.batc.org.uk/viewforum.php?f=103
 +
 
 +
This basic system will give you a full blown DATV transmit system from 50MHz up to 3.4GHz with good picture quality. Again you will need filters and amplifiers for the band of your choice.
 +
 
 +
==DATV transmit and receive in one box==
 +
 
 +
Since the release of Portsdown software in autumn 2019 that included the LongMynd receiver you can plug the MiniTiouner USB tuner hardware in to the Portsdown system and it will display the pictures, thereby becoming a full DATV transceiver and replacing the need for a PC.
 +
 
 +
Note you can not use the Pluto or Lime SDR to receive DATV signals but they can be used to provide a band viewer to help align your antennas etc.
 +
 
 +
The Portsdown 4 software includes everything you need - just make sure you have the latest build - and plug your tuner card in to the Pi's USB port.  See https://wiki.batc.org.uk/Portsdown_4_Pluto for more details.

Latest revision as of 10:22, 20 June 2024

Amateur television is a fascinating part of the hobby covering all aspects of video production, editing, transmission and reception of television signals - whether across town or across the world by the geostationary QO-100 satellite.

One of the aims of the BATC is to help members get on the air. To do this the BATC has come up with the Portsdown project which is easy enough for most people to successfully build at home and gives you the basics of a very credible DATV transceiver (It can also be upgraded to receive DATV)

The Portsdown is based around the popular Raspberry Pi 4 single board computer, an Adalm Pluto SDR, and controlled by a seven-inch touchscreen.

Hundreds of these have been built by amateurs around the world and part of its success is down to the club prescribing the key components/design (and you sticking to them...) and following simple build instructions. Yes I know radio amateurs (me included) like to tinker and experiment but at this stage it really helps our volunteers help you. That way, if there are any problems, it's easy to offer support via the BATC forum. And if you still can't get it going bring it along to one of our Portsdown clinics which are held at most rallies the BATC attends.

So let's run through the basics:


The best way forward

We often get asked how do I start to receive or transmit ATV?

Like most areas in amateur radio there are lots of ways to do this but let's spend our money (and time) wisely and put together something tried and tested.

This approach means you are more likely to be successful, and if you really get into DATV, these building blocks can be reused to make even more sophisticated equipment.

Really easy ATV

Probably the easiest way to get on the air with ATV is by using drone analogue FM transmitter/receiver modules - take a look at this page which shows you how to join in the fun on 5.6GHz for around £20.

This is enough to get good quality pictures over several miles over line-of-sight paths with simple aerials - though with a better aerial and a good portable location at both ends of the link - it is possible to work hundreds of miles during favourable atmospheric conditions.

This BATC forum post by one of our members shows what distances can be worked, and fun can be had, using very basic equipment: https://forum.batc.org.uk/viewtopic.php?f=75&t=5437

The BATC is running a ladder contest to encourage activity using this simple equipment - see https://batc.org.uk/contests/6cm-ladder/

Receiving Digital ATV

Unless you have a local TV repeater and know the people who run it, the easiest place to start receiving some digital ATV signals (DATV) is by getting yourself setup to receive QO100 - start with Narrow band first and once you have really strong signals take a look for DATV signals.

See this page for more details on QO100 - https://wiki.batc.org.uk/Receiving_Oscar_100_DATV_signals#Mark_2_MiniTiouner_PCB

Most amateur ATV signals are Digital using the DVB-S format and BATC has developed some low cost and easy to build systems for both receive and transmit.

Most of our DATV receive solutions use the same home-built USB tuner card called a Picotuner. See this page for more details PicoTuner

The PicoTuner PCB and other "hard-to-get" components can be bought from the BATC shop https://batc.org.uk/category/usb-receivers/ - the remainder are standard leaded (no surface mount) components, available from all major suppliers. and can easily be put together in an evening.

The Ryde receiver

The easiest way to receive DATV signals is to build a BATC designed Ryde Set-top top box based on a Raspberry Pi4 (you can buy a pre-programmed SD card from our shop) and the Minitiouner USB receiver PCB. The Ryde can be controlled using any Infra Red remote control and can drive either an HDMI or composite video monitor.

See this wiki page for more details on the Ryde receiver.

With this you can receive local DATV activity from 2m to 13cm, including digital TV repeaters, and with a satellite dish and LNB, you can watch the activity on QO-100. See this page for more details on QO100

MiniTiouner PC based software

The free MiniTiouner software runs on a Windows PC and uses the same MiniTiouner hardware.

See this page for more details.

The Portsdown receiver

By plugging in the standard MiniTiouner USB card, the Portsdown transciever system becomes a fully functioning DATV receiver.

See https://wiki.batc.org.uk/The_Portsdown_DATV_transceiver_system for more details.

BATC advanced receiver hardware and Winterhill software

The BATC has also developed a single motherboard capable of hosting a Raspberry Pi 4 and 2 satellite tuners.

See this wiki page for this advanced receiver solution.

Antennaes and pre-amps

You will need the normal aerials, filters/pre-amps and/or LNB depending on the band you want to receive. Having said that it is relatively sensitive enough on its own to be able to receive nearby activity - and probably your local digital TV repeater.

Consumer Set top boxes

You can use a consumer STB to receive DATV but most set-top boxes do not go below 1 Msymbol or 1 MHz bandwidth and most DATV signals use rates less than this.

Some repeater outputs and the QO100 beacon can be received on a set-top box as they use higher symbol rates.

Tuning to a DATV signal

To tune to a DATV signal you must know the symbol or data rate in Msymbols or ksymbols. You will also need to know the frequency.

If you are using a Ryde, Portsdown or Minitiouner receiver you will be able to enter the frequency and symbol rate directly and just go to receive.

If you are using a set-top box, you must add the wanted signal frequency to the LNB local oscillator to find the frequency you must tune to. For example if you are wanting to receive a signal on 1249MHz and the STB is set for an LNB LO of 9750 you need to tune the receiver to 10,999 MHz.

DATV transmit

The BATC Portsdown system is the way go. It is Raspberry Pi 4-based but you can buy a pre-programmed SD card from BATC so there is no programming or computer wizardry at all. This plus a touch screen and a Pluto SDR, which simply plugs in to the Pi's USB socket, will give you a simple to use touch screen DATV transmit system.

For more details see https://wiki.batc.org.uk/The_Portsdown_Transmitter

Again if you want more information, or need some help, have a look in the Portsdown section of the BATC forum: https://forum.batc.org.uk/viewforum.php?f=103

This basic system will give you a full blown DATV transmit system from 50MHz up to 3.4GHz with good picture quality. Again you will need filters and amplifiers for the band of your choice.

DATV transmit and receive in one box

Since the release of Portsdown software in autumn 2019 that included the LongMynd receiver you can plug the MiniTiouner USB tuner hardware in to the Portsdown system and it will display the pictures, thereby becoming a full DATV transceiver and replacing the need for a PC.

Note you can not use the Pluto or Lime SDR to receive DATV signals but they can be used to provide a band viewer to help align your antennas etc.

The Portsdown 4 software includes everything you need - just make sure you have the latest build - and plug your tuner card in to the Pi's USB port. See https://wiki.batc.org.uk/Portsdown_4_Pluto for more details.

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